Ismir 2008 session 5c rhythm and meter analyzing afrocuban rhythm using rotationaware clave template matching with dynamic programming matthew wright, w. It is also important to know that the music sometimes starts on the 2nd part of the clave pattern. Intro to afrocuban mambo ryhthms and drumset patterns 2009. Also keystone, the wedgeshaped stone in the center of an arch that ties all the stones together. These two bars can be order reversed forming son clave 32 or son clave 23. No wonder santanas,, magical fusions were like a revelation for listeners in the third world. Pdf the syntax of clave perception and analysis of meter in. The socalled bossa nova clave or brazilian clave has a similar rhythm to that of the son clave, but the second note on the twoside is delayed by one pulse subdivision.
Preceding unsigned comment added by danreitz talk contribs 05. Traditionally they are made of wood, typically rosewood, ebony or grenadilla. In straight 8ths, the 23 son clave is an excellent groove for bossa nova and samba. Salsa, songo, mambo, chachacha, merengue, bolero, bossa nova, samba, afrocuban. Pdf there has been much recent discussion about the family of asymmetrical topoi to borrow kofi agawus term1 that behave as generators. Jul 23, 2015 highquality royaltyfree claves sample in. Use them in their original form or as a backbone of rhythm in any style of music. Pdf the continuity of cultural expression between africa and the americas has. For each of the son, rumba, bossa nova, and afro cuban claves, there is a 3,2 and a. Explain that the clave rhythm comes mainly from africa and how it got to the usa, jamaica and south america slavery. Permission is granted to copy, distribute andor modify this document under the terms of the gnu free documentation license, version 1.
Definition from rebeca mauleons salsa guidebook for piano and ensemble. If we wanted to play a 23 clave we would simply flip these two measures around. The funky clave a great place to begin is learning the clave rhythm and how it applies to the new orleans sound. Custom sampleaccurate tap detectionlogging software automatically timestamps the taps. This afrocuban rhythm has influenced many modern styles of music. Cascara and clave online drum lessons with mark walker. Rt players guide quark page 1 american musical supply. Drum beats and rhythms of afrocuban music introduction to the video lesson. However its main focus is located in the actual bossa nova style. This clave rhythm is used in many different musical styles including, samba, salsa and american rock and roll. They are often used to play a repeating rhythmic figure throughout a piece, known as clave, a key pattern or guidepattern, timeline patter, phrasing referent, bell pattern that is also found in african music and brazilian music. Clave is the key pattern that both binds and decodes the rhythmic structure of afrocuban music. Freedownloadrhythms techniques forlatin timbales the bronx. A fivenote, bimeasure pattern which serves as the foundation for all of the rhythmic styles in afro.
Other parts such as tumbao and cascara are defined largely by which type of clave rhythm is used. Latin rhythm section over different characteristic grooves. Clave c l a ve h a n o ffb e a t 3 2 o r 2 3 rh yth m ic p a tte rn o ve r tw o b a rs, it is th e b a sis o f a ll c u b a n m u sic in to w h ich a ll e le m e n ts o f a rra n g e m e n t a n d im p ro visa tio n sh o u ld fit. Other percussion instruments which have obvious points of convergence with the. The son clave has a much stronger 44 feel while the rumba clave has retains. In swing 8ths, this rhythm becomes the classic new orleans street beat. Jan 17, 2014 clave in 44 time for afrocuban rhythms and for your own groove ideas. Dec 21, 20 a clave is a twomeasure pattern that serves as the basis for nearly all styles of latin music. Claves are very important in cuban music, such as the son and guaguanco. Long lay the world in sin and error pining, til he appeared and the. The only difference is which side of the clave you are playing in the first measure. The son clave rhythm is the fundamental rhythm in salsa music and has two main variations.
If the style is cuban, clavebased, refer to the wheres the clave chapter and follow the steps to help determine clave direction. This collection includes bolero, cha cha, rhumba, salsa, son, timba, and latin disco. The role of bell patterns in west african and afro. Most of the time when i am hearing any son or timba song, i usually try clap my hands to the son clave rhythm 23 32. I have a questiondoubt and i hope you can answer it. To understand how these concepts actually manifest in music, consider the rhythmic pattern known as the clave. Rearrange individual pages or entire files in the desired order. This activity is more advanced and should be tried after the music notation lesson. For more information on latin rhythms, check out the current theory corner to read an. There are two types of clave patterns associated with popular secular music. Latin rhythms sheet music download free in pdf or midi. The clave rhythm and clave concept have been used in some modern art music classical compositions. Hear the 23 clave in this afro shuffle recorded by jean anfossi.
Once created in a particulart clave, a song or arrangement always remains in that clave and can not be played in the other. In modern times they are also made of fibreglass or plastics. Everything is played, arranged and composed with the clave in mind. Download afro cuban rhythms percussion loops by peace love. One hundred one rhythm instrument activities for young children. The clave is a rhythmic pattern used as a tool for temporal organization in afro cuban music.
Someone who knows more about the topic should fix one or the other. An analysis of the rhythms with several similarity measures reveals that the clave son is most like all the other clave rhythms and perhaps pro vides an explanation for its worldwide popularity. You will hear this pattern in all sorts of music like salsa, bossa nova, samba, latin, afrocuban, and even some jazz or swing. African and caribbean traditions have had an indelible influence on pop music, particularly when it comes to rhythm. Afrocaribbean rhythms are noted for their light, danceable feel, due to their emphasis on syncopation and asymmetrical rhythmic patterns. Oh holy night, the stars are brightly shining, it is the night of the dear saviours birth. Intermediate rhythm, additional practice, worksheet 3. The clave rhythm this clave rhythm is used in many different musical styles including, samba, salsa and american rock and roll. Rumba clave differs from son clave in just one note position. The cabasa a cross between an african shekere, a cuban afuche, a brazilian recoreco and the hihat on a drumset, the cabasa is a modern, hybrid instrument. You will find, however, that other videos will call it a. The rhythm is typically played as a snare rim pattern in bossa nova music.
Pdf format which can be displayed on an interactive whiteboard or printed out and laminated. In all the songs i hear, i am able to clap to the son clave rhythm. This book is an excellent, methodical exploration of how to play latin jazz. And, then at measure 33, back to a 32 clave in a new texture of twonote chords alternating 5ths and 4ths. Dec 27, 2014 the funky clave a great place to begin is learning the clave rhythm and how it applies to the new orleans sound. Afrocuban drum beats the drum music sheet of this lesson shows some afro cuban beats particularly difficult for hands and feet independence the basis of afro cuban rhythms is always a combination of various percussion sets congas, timbales, bongo that, together with electric or acoustic bass, set the typical. The explanations and exercises about understanding the concept of the clave are very clear and thorough, and will help you learn to create solos and accompaniment parts that capture the range of latin grooves combined with the expressive breath of jazz. Sometimes an instrument will play a variation on the basic rhythm presented here. Most afrocuban styles of music are built around a 2measure rhythm called clave, a spanish word meaning key. In this lesson we will look at the son clave rhythms.
For each of the son, rumba, bossa nova, and afro cuban claves, there is a 3,2 and a 2,3 variation 8 total. A mathematical analysis of african, brazilian and cuban. A clave is a twomeasure pattern that serves as the basis for nearly all styles of latin music. The bossa nova clave is another very popular pattern out of the clave family. Instructor invites students to attempt play the clave rhythm along with the selection. Youll get congas, shakers, guiro, shekere, bongos, timbales, and complete drum kit grooves. This compilation of rhythms and techniques for latin timbales is an attempt to fill. Clave pronounced clahvay is both a rhythm and an instrument. Basic palito pattern the palito is a stick pattern for rumba, traditionally played on the guagua basic palito patterns with 32 rumba clave the palito is played with the right hand doing the rumba clave and the rest of the pattern with the left hand. Interact with instruments to train your ears to distingush each instrument practice your timing on1 and on2 combine and arrange instruments to create different salsa tunes become a part of the growing salsa beat machine community. Clave in 44 time for afrocuban rhythms and for your own groove ideas. In our example we have a 32 clavethree beats in the first measure and two in the second. The reference rhythmic figure for drums and all the instruments is called clave key. In swing, the 23 son clave is the grandaddy of all comping rhythms.
The son clave has a much stronger 44 feel while the rumba clave has retains a stronger 68 feel. Theyre great for downtempo, house, breakbeat, lounge, and more. The clave rhythms form the fundamental rhythmic counterpoint for all latin american grooves. That has to do with the fact that son also borrows from the afrocuban music tradition, which i explain in detail here. The clave is in 23 or 32 depending on how many hits there are in a measure. Often times, the clave rhythm is the basis for the rhythmic parts of a song, but is not actually played by itself. You can use this series as a complete primer to playing orchestral snare or as a. Another type of clave 68 clave originated in several styles of west african sacred music. The students must clap the syllables of the words to create the rhythms. Hear the clave in this salsa recorded by jean anfossi. Download afro cuban rhythms percussion loops by peace. The rhythm of son tends to be much less complex, less syncopated and polyrhythmic, than the rumba styles requiring the modification of the clave rhythm. Intro to afrocuban mambo ryhthms and drumset patterns.
Explain that the clave rhythm was originally meant to be played on the drum, but because of the slave owners being afraid of communication and any remembrances of their heritage. Free drum music sheet afrocuban drum beats son rumba clave. A song will only be based on one version of a clave rhythm. The examples contained within this matrix provide teachers with an understanding of how to teach the indiana academic standards for musicgeneral. Articulate the rhythm with a series longshortshortshort back and forth motions by the right hand. The pattern is shown below in 24, as it is written in brazil. Clave patterns in quiet rhythms music, polyphony and. The clave is the basis for all mambo, salsa and authentic cha cha and rumba arrangements. New orleans has always been a melting pot of so many culturescaribbean, african, and europeanand though i hesitate to use the generic, overused term gumbo, it really is a great description for the music. Clave patterns in quiet rhythms music, polyphony and polyrhythm. Grooving with the clave by jason kokoszka if you have an interest in exploring rhythms from different cultures, the clave should not be overlooked. The rhythm in the midi file associated with the son clave does not match up with the rhythm represented in the image associated with the son clave. In most of the songs the clave is implicit or can be heard for a few seconds. Another factor that lead to this simplification was the growing popularity of latin music in countries other than cuba.
Bossa nova translated as new wave or new trend is a style of music that became popular globally during the 1960s while it was popular in brazil to a lesser extent in the 50s, it wasnt until stan getz and joao gilberto collaborated for their groundbreaking album getzgilberto in 1963 that the style gained international recognition. Or take a salsa standard like tito puentes oye como w and translate it for rock listeners with some delicious brush strokes from that magic guitar. Clave claveh an offbeat 32 or 23 rhythmic pattern over two bars, it is the basis of all. Another clavebased composition that has gone global is the snare drum suite cross by eugene d. Habanera rhythm tresillo and three overtwo alternating. In other words, the rhythm is implied, but still drives the feel or groove of the song. It also is commonly found in gospel, soul and funk. Is a five stroke pattern over two measures and the key or underlying principle to the rhythmic organization of the music contained within. Clave is an example of an asymmetrical timeline pattern. Rumba clave by cuban percussion virtuoso roberto vizcaino has been performed in recital halls around the world. Son clave is a two bar pattern in cutted time, that we find in many afro cuban beats. Media in category clave rhythm the following 94 files are in this category, out of 94 total.
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